{
  "schema": "omnisaura.snapshot/v3",
  "uid": "omnisaura:profile:scolosaurus",
  "genus": "Scolosaurus",
  "data_as_of": "2026-10-11",
  "raw_run": "2026-10-11_2",
  "profile": {
    "name": {
      "value": "Scolosaurus",
      "rule": "PBDB leads",
      "rule_id": "merge:lead_pbdb",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "authority": {
      "value": "Nopcsa 1928",
      "rule": "PBDB leads",
      "rule_id": "merge:lead_pbdb",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "type_species": {
      "value": null,
      "rule": null,
      "rule_id": null,
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": []
    },
    "order": {
      "value": "Ornithischia",
      "rule": "Gap filled from NHM",
      "rule_id": "merge:gap_fill_nhm",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "nhm",
          "license": "CC0-1.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "family": {
      "value": "Ankylosauridae",
      "rule": "PBDB leads",
      "rule_id": "merge:lead_pbdb",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        },
        {
          "source": "nhm",
          "license": "CC0-1.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "parent_name": {
      "value": "Euoplocephalini",
      "rule": "PBDB leads",
      "rule_id": "merge:lead_pbdb",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "headline": {
      "value": [
        83.6,
        72.2,
        "Campanian",
        null
      ],
      "rule": "PBDB leads",
      "rule_id": "merge:lead_pbdb",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "evidence": {
      "value": [
        83.6,
        72.2
      ],
      "rule": "Omnisaura synthesis: span of confirmed PBDB records",
      "rule_id": "merge:omnisaura_synthesis_confirmed_occurrences",
      "synthesis": true,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "countries": {
      "value": [
        "CA"
      ],
      "rule": "Union of all sources (ISO 3166)",
      "rule_id": "merge:union_iso3166",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "formations": {
      "value": [
        "Dinosaur Park"
      ],
      "rule": "Canonical names, automatic and editor-approved matches applied",
      "rule_id": "merge:canonical_formations",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "diet": {
      "value": "herbivore",
      "rule": "PBDB, inferred from a group the genus belongs to",
      "rule_id": "merge:inferred_pbdb",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "life_habit": {
      "value": "ground dwelling, gregarious",
      "rule": "PBDB, inferred from a group the genus belongs to",
      "rule_id": "merge:inferred_pbdb",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "common_names": {
      "value": null,
      "rule": null,
      "rule_id": null,
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": []
    },
    "named_after": {
      "value": [
        "Wendy Sloboda"
      ],
      "rule": "Wikidata leads",
      "rule_id": "merge:lead_wikidata",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "wikidata",
          "license": "CC0-1.0"
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "confidence": {
    "name": {
      "level": "high",
      "basis": "corroborated",
      "reasons": [
        "PBDB and Wikidata identify the same genus."
      ]
    },
    "authority": {
      "level": "high",
      "basis": "corroborated",
      "reasons": [
        "PBDB and Wikidata agree."
      ]
    },
    "parent_name": {
      "level": "medium",
      "basis": "single_source",
      "reasons": [
        "Only PBDB gives this; nothing contradicts it."
      ],
      "source": "PBDB"
    },
    "family": {
      "level": "high",
      "basis": "corroborated",
      "reasons": [
        "PBDB and NHM agree."
      ]
    },
    "order": {
      "level": "medium",
      "basis": "single_source",
      "reasons": [
        "Only NHM gives this; nothing contradicts it."
      ],
      "source": "NHM"
    },
    "headline": {
      "level": "medium",
      "basis": "single_source",
      "reasons": [
        "Only PBDB gives this; nothing contradicts it."
      ],
      "source": "PBDB"
    },
    "evidence": {
      "level": "medium",
      "basis": "synthesis",
      "reasons": [
        "Omnisaura's calculation from 4 confirmed PBDB records."
      ]
    },
    "named_after": {
      "level": "medium",
      "basis": "single_source",
      "reasons": [
        "Only Wikidata gives this; nothing contradicts it."
      ],
      "source": "Wikidata"
    },
    "diet": {
      "level": "medium",
      "basis": "single_source",
      "reasons": [
        "Only PBDB gives this, and it infers it for the whole of Ornithischia, the group this genus belongs to, not from this genus's own fossils."
      ],
      "source": "PBDB"
    },
    "life_habit": {
      "level": "low",
      "basis": "thin",
      "reasons": [
        "PBDB infers this way of life for the whole of Ornithischia; behaviour is rarely known for one genus."
      ]
    },
    "countries": {
      "level": "medium",
      "basis": "items",
      "reasons": [
        "See each entry."
      ],
      "items": [
        {
          "value": "CA",
          "level": "medium",
          "basis": "single_source",
          "reasons": [
            "Only PBDB records it (4 records)."
          ],
          "source": "PBDB"
        }
      ]
    },
    "formations": {
      "level": "medium",
      "basis": "items",
      "reasons": [
        "See each entry."
      ],
      "items": [
        {
          "value": "Dinosaur Park",
          "level": "medium",
          "basis": "single_source",
          "reasons": [
            "Only PBDB records it (4 records)."
          ],
          "source": "PBDB"
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "gaps": {
    "missing": [
      {
        "field": "type_species",
        "label": "Type species",
        "note": "No source we use gives this yet."
      },
      {
        "field": "common_names",
        "label": "Common names",
        "note": "No source we use gives this yet."
      }
    ],
    "single_source": [
      {
        "field": "parent_name",
        "label": "Parent group",
        "source": "PBDB"
      },
      {
        "field": "order",
        "label": "Order",
        "source": "NHM"
      },
      {
        "field": "headline",
        "label": "Age (headline)",
        "source": "PBDB"
      },
      {
        "field": "named_after",
        "label": "Named after",
        "source": "Wikidata"
      },
      {
        "field": "diet",
        "label": "Diet",
        "source": "PBDB"
      }
    ],
    "disputed": [],
    "withheld": []
  },
  "assessment": {
    "levels": {
      "high": "Two independent sources agree, or an editor has ruled.",
      "medium": "One source; nothing contradicts it.",
      "low": "Sources disagree and no editor has ruled yet, or too few records."
    },
    "by": "Omnisaura",
    "license_id": "OMNISAURA-EDITORIAL"
  },
  "formation_matches": [],
  "credits": {
    "genus": "Scolosaurus",
    "scope": "confirmed matches only",
    "data_sources": [
      {
        "values": 895,
        "retrieved": [
          "2026-10-04",
          "2026-10-05",
          "2026-10-10",
          "2026-10-11"
        ],
        "source": "pbdb",
        "license_id": "CC-BY-4.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "attribution": "Data from the Paleobiology Database (https://paleobiodb.org), licensed CC BY 4.0.",
        "source_name": "Paleobiology Database",
        "homepage": "https://paleobiodb.org"
      },
      {
        "values": 19,
        "retrieved": [
          "2026-10-10",
          "2026-10-11"
        ],
        "source": "nhm",
        "license_id": "CC0-1.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Zero 1.0 (public domain dedication)",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/",
        "requires_attribution": false,
        "attribution": "Natural History Museum (London) Data Portal, Collection specimens dataset, https://doi.org/10.5519/0002965. Image licenses vary per record.",
        "source_name": "Natural History Museum Data Portal",
        "homepage": "https://data.nhm.ac.uk"
      },
      {
        "values": 30,
        "retrieved": [
          "2026-10-11"
        ],
        "source": "wikidata",
        "license_id": "CC0-1.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Zero 1.0 (public domain dedication)",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/",
        "requires_attribution": false,
        "attribution": "Data from Wikidata (https://www.wikidata.org), CC0 1.0.",
        "source_name": "Wikidata",
        "homepage": "https://www.wikidata.org"
      }
    ],
    "images": [
      {
        "media_id": 4235,
        "title": "File:Euoplocephalus tutus RTMP.jpg",
        "category": "Taxon image",
        "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/Euoplocephalus_tutus_RTMP.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
        "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Euoplocephalus_tutus_RTMP.jpg",
        "source": "commons",
        "rights_holder": "IJReid",
        "catalog_number": null,
        "license_id": "CC-BY-4.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": false,
        "attribution": "IJReid (Own work), via Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Euoplocephalus_tutus_RTMP.jpg)"
      },
      {
        "media_id": 4236,
        "title": "File:Scolosaurus cutleri.JPG",
        "category": "Taxon image",
        "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Scolosaurus_cutleri.JPG?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
        "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Scolosaurus_cutleri.JPG",
        "source": "commons",
        "rights_holder": "Ghedoghedo",
        "catalog_number": null,
        "license_id": "CC-BY-SA-3.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": true,
        "attribution": "Ghedoghedo (Own work), via Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Scolosaurus_cutleri.JPG)"
      },
      {
        "media_id": 4230,
        "title": "NHM-UK_P_DF118_03_22_0521",
        "category": "Register",
        "url": "https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/4888455c-116b-4dd7-b4bc-c31df4d1bd5b",
        "page_url": null,
        "source": "nhm",
        "rights_holder": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London",
        "catalog_number": "PV R 5161",
        "license_id": "CC-BY-4.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": false,
        "attribution": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/4888455c-116b-4dd7-b4bc-c31df4d1bd5b)"
      },
      {
        "media_id": 4231,
        "title": "NHMUK PV R 12154 Camarasaurus in the gallery",
        "category": "Specimen",
        "url": "https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/db6898d0-2bdd-4257-98b2-d32d328f80c2",
        "page_url": null,
        "source": "nhm",
        "rights_holder": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London",
        "catalog_number": "PV R 5161",
        "license_id": "CC-BY-4.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": false,
        "attribution": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/db6898d0-2bdd-4257-98b2-d32d328f80c2)"
      },
      {
        "media_id": 4234,
        "title": "NHMUK PV R 5161 Scolosaurus cutleri girdle in gallery",
        "category": "Specimen",
        "url": "https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/bfb12f0d-7aa1-4f0c-bb6c-97fd971e4c01",
        "page_url": null,
        "source": "nhm",
        "rights_holder": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London",
        "catalog_number": "PV R 5161",
        "license_id": "CC-BY-4.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": false,
        "attribution": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/bfb12f0d-7aa1-4f0c-bb6c-97fd971e4c01)"
      },
      {
        "media_id": 4233,
        "title": "NHMUK PV R 5161 Scolosaurus cutleri in gallery dorsal surface",
        "category": "Specimen",
        "url": "https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/19f2e8b0-3686-4bc0-b2c3-5d7ec70cc1f1",
        "page_url": null,
        "source": "nhm",
        "rights_holder": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London",
        "catalog_number": "PV R 5161",
        "license_id": "CC-BY-4.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": false,
        "attribution": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/19f2e8b0-3686-4bc0-b2c3-5d7ec70cc1f1)"
      },
      {
        "media_id": 4232,
        "title": "NHMUK PV R 5161 Scolosaurus cutleri in gallery ventral view",
        "category": "Specimen",
        "url": "https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/0ef96495-20cb-422c-b03c-9af47c4f269f",
        "page_url": null,
        "source": "nhm",
        "rights_holder": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London",
        "catalog_number": "PV R 5161",
        "license_id": "CC-BY-4.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": false,
        "attribution": "The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/0ef96495-20cb-422c-b03c-9af47c4f269f)"
      }
    ],
    "derived_ages": null,
    "references": 44
  },
  "credits_markdown": "## Scolosaurus: Sources & credits\n\n_Scope: confirmed matches only._\n\n### Data\n- **Paleobiology Database** (https://paleobiodb.org): [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Data from the Paleobiology Database (https://paleobiodb.org), licensed CC BY 4.0. Retrieved 4 October 2026, 5 October 2026, 10 October 2026, 11 October 2026.\n- **Natural History Museum Data Portal** (https://data.nhm.ac.uk): [Creative Commons Zero 1.0 (public domain dedication)](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/). Natural History Museum (London) Data Portal, Collection specimens dataset, https://doi.org/10.5519/0002965. Image licenses vary per record. Retrieved 10 October 2026, 11 October 2026. _Credited as a courtesy: this licence doesn't require attribution._\n- **Wikidata** (https://www.wikidata.org): [Creative Commons Zero 1.0 (public domain dedication)](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/). Data from Wikidata (https://www.wikidata.org), CC0 1.0. Retrieved 11 October 2026. _Credited as a courtesy: this licence doesn't require attribution._\n\n### Images (7)\n- “File:Euoplocephalus tutus RTMP.jpg” (Taxon image): IJReid (Own work), via Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Euoplocephalus_tutus_RTMP.jpg). [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).\n- “File:Scolosaurus cutleri.JPG” (Taxon image): Ghedoghedo (Own work), via Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Scolosaurus_cutleri.JPG). [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/). Shown unmodified (share-alike licence).\n- “NHM-UK_P_DF118_03_22_0521” (specimen PV R 5161): The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/4888455c-116b-4dd7-b4bc-c31df4d1bd5b). [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).\n- “NHMUK PV R 12154 Camarasaurus in the gallery” (specimen PV R 5161): The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/db6898d0-2bdd-4257-98b2-d32d328f80c2). [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).\n- “NHMUK PV R 5161 Scolosaurus cutleri girdle in gallery” (specimen PV R 5161): The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/bfb12f0d-7aa1-4f0c-bb6c-97fd971e4c01). [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).\n- “NHMUK PV R 5161 Scolosaurus cutleri in gallery dorsal surface” (specimen PV R 5161): The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/19f2e8b0-3686-4bc0-b2c3-5d7ec70cc1f1). [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).\n- “NHMUK PV R 5161 Scolosaurus cutleri in gallery ventral view” (specimen PV R 5161): The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London; via NHM Data Portal (https://data.nhm.ac.uk/media/0ef96495-20cb-422c-b03c-9af47c4f269f). [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).\n\n### Scientific references\n\n44 published reference(s) support this entry (via the Paleobiology Database).\n",
  "notice": "Omnisaura data combines sources under different licences. Every genus file lists its credits; anyone showing a value must show the credits for it. Images keep their own licences; share-alike images may only be shown unmodified.",
  "fossil_basis": "body",
  "identifiers": [
    {
      "scheme": "pbdb",
      "name": "Paleobiology Database",
      "id": "66258",
      "url": "https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=66258"
    },
    {
      "scheme": "enwiki",
      "name": "Wikipedia (English)",
      "id": "Scolosaurus",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scolosaurus"
    },
    {
      "scheme": "gbif",
      "name": "GBIF",
      "id": "4817880",
      "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/4817880"
    },
    {
      "scheme": "wikidata",
      "name": "Wikidata",
      "id": "Q7434319",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7434319"
    }
  ],
  "other_names": {
    "species": [
      "Scolosaurus cutleri",
      "Scolosaurus thronus"
    ],
    "synonyms": []
  },
  "original_description": {
    "citation": "B. F. Nopcsa (1928). Palaeontological notes on reptiles. VI. Scolosaurus cutleri, a new dinosaur. Geologica Hungarica, Series Palaeontologica 1(1): 54–74.",
    "authors": "B. F. Nopcsa",
    "year": 1928,
    "title": "Palaeontological notes on reptiles. VI. Scolosaurus cutleri, a new dinosaur",
    "publication": "Geologica Hungarica, Series Palaeontologica",
    "volume": "1",
    "issue": "1",
    "pages": "54–74",
    "doi": null,
    "url": null,
    "what": "The publication the Paleobiology Database gives as the authority for this genus name, usually the one that first named and described it.",
    "confidence": {
      "level": "high",
      "reasons": [
        "PBDB gives this publication for the name; its author and year match the naming authority (Nopcsa 1928), on which PBDB and Wikidata agree."
      ]
    },
    "source": "pbdb",
    "source_name": "Paleobiology Database",
    "license_id": "CC-BY-4.0",
    "pbdb_reference_no": "62853"
  },
  "summary": "Omnisaura summary: Scolosaurus, Nopcsa 1928\n\n- Named by: Nopcsa 1928 (high confidence: PBDB and Wikidata agree).\n- Family: Ankylosauridae (high confidence: PBDB and NHM agree).\n- Order: Ornithischia (medium confidence: only NHM gives this; nothing contradicts it).\n- Parent group: Euoplocephalini (medium confidence: only PBDB gives this; nothing contradicts it).\n- Age, as published by the Paleobiology Database: Campanian, 83.6–72.2 million years ago (medium confidence: only PBDB gives this; nothing contradicts it).\n- Age, Omnisaura's own calculation (not a published figure): 83.6–72.2 million years ago (medium confidence: Omnisaura's calculation from 4 confirmed PBDB records).\n- Fossils found in: Canada (medium: only PBDB records it (4 records)).\n- Rock formations: Dinosaur Park (medium: only PBDB records it (4 records)).\n- Original description: B. F. Nopcsa (1928). Palaeontological notes on reptiles. VI. Scolosaurus cutleri, a new dinosaur. Geologica Hungarica, Series Palaeontologica 1(1): 54–74. (high confidence: PBDB gives this publication for the name; its author and year match the naming authority (Nopcsa 1928), on which PBDB and Wikidata agree).\n- Diet, inferred by PBDB for the group: herbivore (medium confidence: only PBDB gives this, and it infers it for the whole of Ornithischia, the group this genus belongs to, not from this genus's own fossils).\n- Way of life, inferred by PBDB for the group: ground dwelling, gregarious (low confidence: PBDB infers this way of life for the whole of Ornithischia; behaviour is rarely known for one genus).\n\nNot known or disputed:\n- Type species: no source Omnisaura uses gives this.\n- Common names: no source Omnisaura uses gives this.\n\nNot covered by Omnisaura: size, weight, appearance, or behaviour beyond the way of life PBDB infers for the group. Do not fill these in from general knowledge as if they came from Omnisaura.\n\nCredits (must be shown with any of this): Natural History Museum Data Portal (CC0-1.0); Paleobiology Database (CC-BY-4.0); Wikidata (CC0-1.0)."
}