{
  "schema": "omnisaura.snapshot/v3",
  "uid": "omnisaura:profile:pinacosaurus",
  "genus": "Pinacosaurus",
  "data_as_of": "2026-10-11",
  "raw_run": "2026-10-11",
  "profile": {
    "name": {
      "value": "Pinacosaurus",
      "rule": "PBDB leads",
      "rule_id": "merge:lead_pbdb",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "authority": {
      "value": "Gilmore 1933",
      "rule": "PBDB leads",
      "rule_id": "merge:lead_pbdb",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "type_species": {
      "value": null,
      "rule": null,
      "rule_id": null,
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": []
    },
    "order": {
      "value": null,
      "rule": null,
      "rule_id": null,
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": []
    },
    "family": {
      "value": "Ankylosauridae",
      "rule": "PBDB leads",
      "rule_id": "merge:lead_pbdb",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "parent_name": {
      "value": "Ankylosaurinae",
      "rule": "PBDB leads",
      "rule_id": "merge:lead_pbdb",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "headline": {
      "value": [
        89.8,
        72.2,
        "Coniacian",
        "Campanian"
      ],
      "rule": "PBDB leads",
      "rule_id": "merge:lead_pbdb",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "evidence": {
      "value": [
        143.1,
        66.0
      ],
      "rule": "Omnisaura synthesis: span of confirmed PBDB records",
      "rule_id": "merge:omnisaura_synthesis_confirmed_occurrences",
      "synthesis": true,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "countries": {
      "value": [
        "CN",
        "MN"
      ],
      "rule": "Union of all sources (ISO 3166)",
      "rule_id": "merge:union_iso3166",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "formations": {
      "value": [
        "Alagteeg",
        "Baruungoyot",
        "Bayan Mandahu",
        "Djadokhta",
        "Wulansuhai",
        "Öösh"
      ],
      "rule": "Canonical names, automatic and editor-approved matches applied",
      "rule_id": "merge:canonical_formations",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "diet": {
      "value": "herbivore",
      "rule": "PBDB, inferred from a group the genus belongs to",
      "rule_id": "merge:inferred_pbdb",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "life_habit": {
      "value": "ground dwelling, gregarious",
      "rule": "PBDB, inferred from a group the genus belongs to",
      "rule_id": "merge:inferred_pbdb",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "common_names": {
      "value": null,
      "rule": null,
      "rule_id": null,
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": []
    },
    "named_after": {
      "value": null,
      "rule": null,
      "rule_id": null,
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": []
    }
  },
  "confidence": {
    "name": {
      "level": "high",
      "basis": "corroborated",
      "reasons": [
        "PBDB and Wikidata identify the same genus."
      ]
    },
    "authority": {
      "level": "high",
      "basis": "corroborated",
      "reasons": [
        "PBDB and Wikidata agree."
      ]
    },
    "parent_name": {
      "level": "medium",
      "basis": "single_source",
      "reasons": [
        "Only PBDB gives this; nothing contradicts it."
      ],
      "source": "PBDB"
    },
    "family": {
      "level": "medium",
      "basis": "single_source",
      "reasons": [
        "Only PBDB gives this; nothing contradicts it."
      ],
      "source": "PBDB"
    },
    "headline": {
      "level": "medium",
      "basis": "single_source",
      "reasons": [
        "Only PBDB gives this; nothing contradicts it."
      ],
      "source": "PBDB"
    },
    "evidence": {
      "level": "medium",
      "basis": "synthesis",
      "reasons": [
        "Omnisaura's calculation from 22 confirmed PBDB records."
      ]
    },
    "diet": {
      "level": "medium",
      "basis": "single_source",
      "reasons": [
        "Only PBDB gives this, and it infers it for the whole of Ornithischia, the group this genus belongs to, not from this genus's own fossils."
      ],
      "source": "PBDB"
    },
    "life_habit": {
      "level": "low",
      "basis": "thin",
      "reasons": [
        "PBDB infers this way of life for the whole of Ornithischia; behaviour is rarely known for one genus."
      ]
    },
    "countries": {
      "level": "medium",
      "basis": "items",
      "reasons": [
        "See each entry."
      ],
      "items": [
        {
          "value": "CN",
          "level": "medium",
          "basis": "single_source",
          "reasons": [
            "Only PBDB records it (7 records)."
          ],
          "source": "PBDB"
        },
        {
          "value": "MN",
          "level": "medium",
          "basis": "single_source",
          "reasons": [
            "Only PBDB records it (15 records)."
          ],
          "source": "PBDB"
        }
      ]
    },
    "formations": {
      "level": "mixed",
      "basis": "items",
      "reasons": [
        "Entries differ; see each entry."
      ],
      "items": [
        {
          "value": "Alagteeg",
          "level": "low",
          "basis": "thin",
          "reasons": [
            "Only one PBDB record."
          ]
        },
        {
          "value": "Baruungoyot",
          "level": "medium",
          "basis": "single_source",
          "reasons": [
            "Only PBDB records it (2 records)."
          ],
          "source": "PBDB"
        },
        {
          "value": "Bayan Mandahu",
          "level": "medium",
          "basis": "single_source",
          "reasons": [
            "Only PBDB records it (5 records)."
          ],
          "source": "PBDB"
        },
        {
          "value": "Djadokhta",
          "level": "medium",
          "basis": "single_source",
          "reasons": [
            "Only PBDB records it (11 records)."
          ],
          "source": "PBDB"
        },
        {
          "value": "Wulansuhai",
          "level": "low",
          "basis": "thin",
          "reasons": [
            "Only one PBDB record."
          ]
        },
        {
          "value": "Öösh",
          "level": "low",
          "basis": "thin",
          "reasons": [
            "Only one PBDB record."
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "gaps": {
    "missing": [
      {
        "field": "type_species",
        "label": "Type species",
        "note": "No source we use gives this yet."
      },
      {
        "field": "order",
        "label": "Order",
        "note": "No source we use gives this yet."
      },
      {
        "field": "common_names",
        "label": "Common names",
        "note": "No source we use gives this yet."
      },
      {
        "field": "named_after",
        "label": "Named after",
        "note": "No source we use gives this yet."
      }
    ],
    "single_source": [
      {
        "field": "parent_name",
        "label": "Parent group",
        "source": "PBDB"
      },
      {
        "field": "family",
        "label": "Family",
        "source": "PBDB"
      },
      {
        "field": "headline",
        "label": "Age (headline)",
        "source": "PBDB"
      },
      {
        "field": "diet",
        "label": "Diet",
        "source": "PBDB"
      }
    ],
    "disputed": [],
    "withheld": [
      {
        "records": "occurrences",
        "status": "tentative",
        "count": 2,
        "reason": "PBDB fossil records identified only tentatively (for example 'cf.', '?', or the genus name in quotation marks, PBDB's mark for a loose use)"
      }
    ]
  },
  "assessment": {
    "levels": {
      "high": "Two independent sources agree, or an editor has ruled.",
      "medium": "One source; nothing contradicts it.",
      "low": "Sources disagree and no editor has ruled yet, or too few records."
    },
    "by": "Omnisaura",
    "license_id": "OMNISAURA-EDITORIAL"
  },
  "formation_matches": [],
  "credits": {
    "genus": "Pinacosaurus",
    "scope": "confirmed matches only",
    "data_sources": [
      {
        "values": 2,
        "retrieved": [],
        "source": "omnisaura",
        "license_id": "OMNISAURA-EDITORIAL",
        "license_name": "Omnisaura editorial content (© Future Sailors, all rights reserved)",
        "license_url": "https://github.com/FutureSailorDesign/Omnisaura-/blob/main/docs/licences/omnisaura-editorial.md",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "attribution": "Omnisaura editorial decisions © Future Sailors",
        "source_name": "Omnisaura editorial",
        "homepage": null
      },
      {
        "values": 2470,
        "retrieved": [
          "2026-10-04",
          "2026-10-05",
          "2026-10-10",
          "2026-10-11"
        ],
        "source": "pbdb",
        "license_id": "CC-BY-4.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "attribution": "Data from the Paleobiology Database (https://paleobiodb.org), licensed CC BY 4.0.",
        "source_name": "Paleobiology Database",
        "homepage": "https://paleobiodb.org"
      },
      {
        "values": 8,
        "retrieved": [
          "2026-10-04"
        ],
        "source": "nhm",
        "license_id": "CC0-1.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Zero 1.0 (public domain dedication)",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/",
        "requires_attribution": false,
        "attribution": "Natural History Museum (London) Data Portal, Collection specimens dataset, https://doi.org/10.5519/0002965. Image licenses vary per record.",
        "source_name": "Natural History Museum Data Portal",
        "homepage": "https://data.nhm.ac.uk"
      },
      {
        "values": 25,
        "retrieved": [
          "2026-10-11"
        ],
        "source": "wikidata",
        "license_id": "CC0-1.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Zero 1.0 (public domain dedication)",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/",
        "requires_attribution": false,
        "attribution": "Data from Wikidata (https://www.wikidata.org), CC0 1.0.",
        "source_name": "Wikidata",
        "homepage": "https://www.wikidata.org"
      }
    ],
    "images": [
      {
        "media_id": 3284,
        "title": "File:Eopinacosaurus.jpg",
        "category": "Taxon image",
        "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c2/Eopinacosaurus.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
        "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Eopinacosaurus.jpg",
        "source": "commons",
        "rights_holder": "Kabacchi",
        "catalog_number": null,
        "license_id": "CC-BY-2.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution 2.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": false,
        "attribution": "Kabacchi (Pinacosaurus - 01 Uploaded by FunkMonk), via Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Eopinacosaurus.jpg)"
      },
      {
        "media_id": 3285,
        "title": "File:Pinacosaurus.JPG",
        "category": "Taxon image",
        "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c5/Pinacosaurus.JPG?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
        "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pinacosaurus.JPG",
        "source": "commons",
        "rights_holder": "Laikayiu",
        "catalog_number": null,
        "license_id": "CC-BY-SA-3.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": true,
        "attribution": "Laikayiu (Own work), via Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pinacosaurus.JPG)"
      }
    ],
    "derived_ages": null,
    "references": 103
  },
  "credits_markdown": "## Pinacosaurus: Sources & credits\n\n_Scope: confirmed matches only._\n\n### Data\n- **Omnisaura editorial**: [Omnisaura editorial content (© Future Sailors, all rights reserved)](https://github.com/FutureSailorDesign/Omnisaura-/blob/main/docs/licences/omnisaura-editorial.md). Omnisaura editorial decisions © Future Sailors\n- **Paleobiology Database** (https://paleobiodb.org): [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Data from the Paleobiology Database (https://paleobiodb.org), licensed CC BY 4.0. Retrieved 4 October 2026, 5 October 2026, 10 October 2026, 11 October 2026.\n- **Natural History Museum Data Portal** (https://data.nhm.ac.uk): [Creative Commons Zero 1.0 (public domain dedication)](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/). Natural History Museum (London) Data Portal, Collection specimens dataset, https://doi.org/10.5519/0002965. Image licenses vary per record. Retrieved 4 October 2026. _Credited as a courtesy: this licence doesn't require attribution._\n- **Wikidata** (https://www.wikidata.org): [Creative Commons Zero 1.0 (public domain dedication)](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/). Data from Wikidata (https://www.wikidata.org), CC0 1.0. Retrieved 11 October 2026. _Credited as a courtesy: this licence doesn't require attribution._\n\n### Images (2)\n- “File:Eopinacosaurus.jpg” (Taxon image): Kabacchi (Pinacosaurus - 01 Uploaded by FunkMonk), via Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Eopinacosaurus.jpg). [Creative Commons Attribution 2.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/).\n- “File:Pinacosaurus.JPG” (Taxon image): Laikayiu (Own work), via Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pinacosaurus.JPG). [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/). Shown unmodified (share-alike licence).\n\n### Scientific references\n\n103 published reference(s) support this entry (via the Paleobiology Database).\n",
  "notice": "Omnisaura data combines sources under different licences. Every genus file lists its credits; anyone showing a value must show the credits for it. Images keep their own licences; share-alike images may only be shown unmodified.",
  "fossil_basis": "body",
  "identifiers": [
    {
      "scheme": "pbdb",
      "name": "Paleobiology Database",
      "id": "38833",
      "url": "https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=38833"
    },
    {
      "scheme": "enwiki",
      "name": "Wikipedia (English)",
      "id": "Pinacosaurus",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinacosaurus"
    },
    {
      "scheme": "gbif",
      "name": "GBIF",
      "id": "4574575",
      "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/4574575"
    },
    {
      "scheme": "wikidata",
      "name": "Wikidata",
      "id": "Q31422",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31422"
    }
  ],
  "other_names": {
    "species": [
      "Pinacosaurus grangeri",
      "Pinacosaurus hilwitnorum",
      "Pinacosaurus ninghsiensis"
    ],
    "synonyms": [
      {
        "name": "Syrmosaurus",
        "status": "subjective synonym of",
        "authority": "Maleev 1952"
      }
    ]
  },
  "original_description": {
    "citation": "C. W. Gilmore (1933). Two new dinosaurian reptiles from Mongolia with notes on some fragmentary specimens. American Museum Novitates 679: 1–20.",
    "authors": "C. W. Gilmore",
    "year": 1933,
    "title": "Two new dinosaurian reptiles from Mongolia with notes on some fragmentary specimens",
    "publication": "American Museum Novitates",
    "volume": "679",
    "issue": null,
    "pages": "1–20",
    "doi": null,
    "url": null,
    "what": "The publication the Paleobiology Database gives as the authority for this genus name, usually the one that first named and described it.",
    "confidence": {
      "level": "high",
      "reasons": [
        "PBDB gives this publication for the name; its author and year match the naming authority (Gilmore 1933), on which PBDB and Wikidata agree."
      ]
    },
    "source": "pbdb",
    "source_name": "Paleobiology Database",
    "license_id": "CC-BY-4.0",
    "pbdb_reference_no": "12056"
  },
  "summary": "Omnisaura summary: Pinacosaurus, Gilmore 1933\n\n- Named by: Gilmore 1933 (high confidence: PBDB and Wikidata agree).\n- Family: Ankylosauridae (medium confidence: only PBDB gives this; nothing contradicts it).\n- Parent group: Ankylosaurinae (medium confidence: only PBDB gives this; nothing contradicts it).\n- Age, as published by the Paleobiology Database: Coniacian to Campanian, 89.8–72.2 million years ago (medium confidence: only PBDB gives this; nothing contradicts it).\n- Age, Omnisaura's own calculation (not a published figure): 143.1–66 million years ago (medium confidence: Omnisaura's calculation from 22 confirmed PBDB records).\n- Fossils found in: China (medium: only PBDB records it (7 records)); Mongolia (medium: only PBDB records it (15 records)).\n- Rock formations: Baruungoyot (medium: only PBDB records it (2 records)); Bayan Mandahu (medium: only PBDB records it (5 records)); Djadokhta (medium: only PBDB records it (11 records)); Alagteeg (low: only one PBDB record); Wulansuhai (low: only one PBDB record); Öösh (low: only one PBDB record).\n- Original description: C. W. Gilmore (1933). Two new dinosaurian reptiles from Mongolia with notes on some fragmentary specimens. American Museum Novitates 679: 1–20. (high confidence: PBDB gives this publication for the name; its author and year match the naming authority (Gilmore 1933), on which PBDB and Wikidata agree).\n- Diet, inferred by PBDB for the group: herbivore (medium confidence: only PBDB gives this, and it infers it for the whole of Ornithischia, the group this genus belongs to, not from this genus's own fossils).\n- Way of life, inferred by PBDB for the group: ground dwelling, gregarious (low confidence: PBDB infers this way of life for the whole of Ornithischia; behaviour is rarely known for one genus).\n\nNot known or disputed:\n- Type species: no source Omnisaura uses gives this.\n- Order: no source Omnisaura uses gives this.\n- Common names: no source Omnisaura uses gives this.\n- Named after: no source Omnisaura uses gives this.\n- 2 record(s) left out: pBDB fossil records identified only tentatively (for example 'cf.', '?', or the genus name in quotation marks, PBDB's mark for a loose use).\n\nNot covered by Omnisaura: size, weight, appearance, or behaviour beyond the way of life PBDB infers for the group. Do not fill these in from general knowledge as if they came from Omnisaura.\n\nCredits (must be shown with any of this): Natural History Museum Data Portal (CC0-1.0); Omnisaura editorial (OMNISAURA-EDITORIAL); Paleobiology Database (CC-BY-4.0); Wikidata (CC0-1.0)."
}