{
  "schema": "omnisaura.snapshot/v3",
  "uid": "omnisaura:profile:montanoceratops",
  "genus": "Montanoceratops",
  "data_as_of": "2026-10-11",
  "raw_run": "2026-10-11_2",
  "profile": {
    "name": {
      "value": "Montanoceratops",
      "rule": "PBDB leads",
      "rule_id": "merge:lead_pbdb",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "authority": {
      "value": "Sternberg 1951",
      "rule": "PBDB leads",
      "rule_id": "merge:lead_pbdb",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "type_species": {
      "value": null,
      "rule": null,
      "rule_id": null,
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": []
    },
    "order": {
      "value": null,
      "rule": null,
      "rule_id": null,
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": []
    },
    "family": {
      "value": "Leptoceratopsidae",
      "rule": "PBDB leads",
      "rule_id": "merge:lead_pbdb",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "parent_name": {
      "value": "Leptoceratopsidae",
      "rule": "PBDB leads",
      "rule_id": "merge:lead_pbdb",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "headline": {
      "value": [
        83.6,
        66.0,
        "Campanian",
        "Maastrichtian"
      ],
      "rule": "PBDB leads",
      "rule_id": "merge:lead_pbdb",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "evidence": {
      "value": [
        83.6,
        66.0
      ],
      "rule": "Omnisaura synthesis: span of confirmed PBDB records",
      "rule_id": "merge:omnisaura_synthesis_confirmed_occurrences",
      "synthesis": true,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "countries": {
      "value": [
        "CA",
        "US"
      ],
      "rule": "Union of all sources (ISO 3166)",
      "rule_id": "merge:union_iso3166",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "formations": {
      "value": [
        "Horseshoe Canyon",
        "St. Mary River"
      ],
      "rule": "Canonical names, automatic and editor-approved matches applied",
      "rule_id": "merge:canonical_formations",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "diet": {
      "value": "herbivore",
      "rule": "PBDB, inferred from a group the genus belongs to",
      "rule_id": "merge:inferred_pbdb",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "life_habit": {
      "value": "ground dwelling",
      "rule": "PBDB, inferred from a group the genus belongs to",
      "rule_id": "merge:inferred_pbdb",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "pbdb",
          "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "common_names": {
      "value": [
        "en:Montanoceratops (\"Montana horned face\")"
      ],
      "rule": "Wikidata leads",
      "rule_id": "merge:lead_wikidata",
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": [
        {
          "source": "wikidata",
          "license": "CC0-1.0"
        }
      ]
    },
    "named_after": {
      "value": null,
      "rule": null,
      "rule_id": null,
      "synthesis": false,
      "sources": []
    }
  },
  "confidence": {
    "name": {
      "level": "high",
      "basis": "corroborated",
      "reasons": [
        "PBDB and Wikidata identify the same genus."
      ]
    },
    "authority": {
      "level": "medium",
      "basis": "year_differs",
      "reasons": [
        "PBDB and Wikidata agree on who named it; Wikidata gives the year as 1950, one year apart, as when a work is dated one year and comes out the next."
      ]
    },
    "parent_name": {
      "level": "medium",
      "basis": "single_source",
      "reasons": [
        "Only PBDB gives this; nothing contradicts it."
      ],
      "source": "PBDB"
    },
    "family": {
      "level": "medium",
      "basis": "single_source",
      "reasons": [
        "Only PBDB gives this; nothing contradicts it."
      ],
      "source": "PBDB"
    },
    "headline": {
      "level": "medium",
      "basis": "single_source",
      "reasons": [
        "Only PBDB gives this; nothing contradicts it."
      ],
      "source": "PBDB"
    },
    "evidence": {
      "level": "medium",
      "basis": "synthesis",
      "reasons": [
        "Omnisaura's calculation from 3 confirmed PBDB records."
      ]
    },
    "common_names": {
      "level": "medium",
      "basis": "single_source",
      "reasons": [
        "Only Wikidata gives this; nothing contradicts it."
      ],
      "source": "Wikidata"
    },
    "diet": {
      "level": "medium",
      "basis": "single_source",
      "reasons": [
        "Only PBDB gives this, and it infers it for the whole of Ceratopsia, the group this genus belongs to, not from this genus's own fossils."
      ],
      "source": "PBDB"
    },
    "life_habit": {
      "level": "low",
      "basis": "thin",
      "reasons": [
        "PBDB infers this way of life for the whole of Ceratopsia; behaviour is rarely known for one genus."
      ]
    },
    "countries": {
      "level": "mixed",
      "basis": "items",
      "reasons": [
        "Entries differ; see each entry."
      ],
      "items": [
        {
          "value": "CA",
          "level": "low",
          "basis": "thin",
          "reasons": [
            "Only one PBDB record."
          ]
        },
        {
          "value": "US",
          "level": "medium",
          "basis": "single_source",
          "reasons": [
            "Only PBDB records it (2 records)."
          ],
          "source": "PBDB"
        }
      ]
    },
    "formations": {
      "level": "mixed",
      "basis": "items",
      "reasons": [
        "Entries differ; see each entry."
      ],
      "items": [
        {
          "value": "Horseshoe Canyon",
          "level": "low",
          "basis": "thin",
          "reasons": [
            "Only one PBDB record."
          ]
        },
        {
          "value": "St. Mary River",
          "level": "medium",
          "basis": "single_source",
          "reasons": [
            "Only PBDB records it (2 records)."
          ],
          "source": "PBDB"
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "gaps": {
    "missing": [
      {
        "field": "type_species",
        "label": "Type species",
        "note": "No source we use gives this yet."
      },
      {
        "field": "order",
        "label": "Order",
        "note": "No source we use gives this yet."
      },
      {
        "field": "named_after",
        "label": "Named after",
        "note": "No source we use gives this yet."
      }
    ],
    "single_source": [
      {
        "field": "parent_name",
        "label": "Parent group",
        "source": "PBDB"
      },
      {
        "field": "family",
        "label": "Family",
        "source": "PBDB"
      },
      {
        "field": "headline",
        "label": "Age (headline)",
        "source": "PBDB"
      },
      {
        "field": "common_names",
        "label": "Common names",
        "source": "Wikidata"
      },
      {
        "field": "diet",
        "label": "Diet",
        "source": "PBDB"
      }
    ],
    "disputed": [],
    "withheld": []
  },
  "assessment": {
    "levels": {
      "high": "Two independent sources agree, or an editor has ruled.",
      "medium": "One source; nothing contradicts it.",
      "low": "Sources disagree and no editor has ruled yet, or too few records."
    },
    "by": "Omnisaura",
    "license_id": "OMNISAURA-EDITORIAL"
  },
  "formation_matches": [],
  "credits": {
    "genus": "Montanoceratops",
    "scope": "confirmed matches only",
    "data_sources": [
      {
        "values": 847,
        "retrieved": [
          "2026-10-04",
          "2026-10-05",
          "2026-10-10",
          "2026-10-11"
        ],
        "source": "pbdb",
        "license_id": "CC-BY-4.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "attribution": "Data from the Paleobiology Database (https://paleobiodb.org), licensed CC BY 4.0.",
        "source_name": "Paleobiology Database",
        "homepage": "https://paleobiodb.org"
      },
      {
        "values": 30,
        "retrieved": [
          "2026-10-11"
        ],
        "source": "wikidata",
        "license_id": "CC0-1.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Zero 1.0 (public domain dedication)",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/",
        "requires_attribution": false,
        "attribution": "Data from Wikidata (https://www.wikidata.org), CC0 1.0.",
        "source_name": "Wikidata",
        "homepage": "https://www.wikidata.org"
      }
    ],
    "images": [
      {
        "media_id": 4292,
        "title": "File:Montanoceratops BW flipped transparent.png",
        "category": "Taxon image",
        "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/39/Montanoceratops_BW_flipped_transparent.png?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
        "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Montanoceratops_BW_flipped_transparent.png",
        "source": "commons",
        "rights_holder": "Nobu Tamura (http://spinops.blogspot.com)",
        "catalog_number": null,
        "license_id": "CC-BY-SA-3.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": true,
        "attribution": "Nobu Tamura (http://spinops.blogspot.com) (from File:Montanoceratops BW flipped.jpg), via Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Montanoceratops_BW_flipped_transparent.png)"
      },
      {
        "media_id": 4293,
        "title": "File:Montanoceratops Royal Tyrrell 2.jpg",
        "category": "Taxon image",
        "url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Montanoceratops_Royal_Tyrrell_2.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=original",
        "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Montanoceratops_Royal_Tyrrell_2.jpg",
        "source": "commons",
        "rights_holder": "Etemenanki3",
        "catalog_number": null,
        "license_id": "CC-BY-SA-4.0",
        "license_name": "Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0",
        "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/",
        "requires_attribution": true,
        "share_alike": true,
        "attribution": "Etemenanki3 (Own work), via Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Montanoceratops_Royal_Tyrrell_2.jpg)"
      }
    ],
    "derived_ages": null,
    "references": 43
  },
  "credits_markdown": "## Montanoceratops: Sources & credits\n\n_Scope: confirmed matches only._\n\n### Data\n- **Paleobiology Database** (https://paleobiodb.org): [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Data from the Paleobiology Database (https://paleobiodb.org), licensed CC BY 4.0. Retrieved 4 October 2026, 5 October 2026, 10 October 2026, 11 October 2026.\n- **Wikidata** (https://www.wikidata.org): [Creative Commons Zero 1.0 (public domain dedication)](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/). Data from Wikidata (https://www.wikidata.org), CC0 1.0. Retrieved 11 October 2026. _Credited as a courtesy: this licence doesn't require attribution._\n\n### Images (2)\n- “File:Montanoceratops BW flipped transparent.png” (Taxon image): Nobu Tamura (http://spinops.blogspot.com) (from File:Montanoceratops BW flipped.jpg), via Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Montanoceratops_BW_flipped_transparent.png). [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/). Shown unmodified (share-alike licence).\n- “File:Montanoceratops Royal Tyrrell 2.jpg” (Taxon image): Etemenanki3 (Own work), via Wikimedia Commons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Montanoceratops_Royal_Tyrrell_2.jpg). [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Shown unmodified (share-alike licence).\n\n### Scientific references\n\n43 published reference(s) support this entry (via the Paleobiology Database).\n",
  "notice": "Omnisaura data combines sources under different licences. Every genus file lists its credits; anyone showing a value must show the credits for it. Images keep their own licences; share-alike images may only be shown unmodified.",
  "fossil_basis": "body",
  "identifiers": [
    {
      "scheme": "pbdb",
      "name": "Paleobiology Database",
      "id": "38850",
      "url": "https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=38850"
    },
    {
      "scheme": "enwiki",
      "name": "Wikipedia (English)",
      "id": "Montanoceratops",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montanoceratops"
    },
    {
      "scheme": "gbif",
      "name": "GBIF",
      "id": "4823253",
      "url": "https://www.gbif.org/species/4823253"
    },
    {
      "scheme": "wikidata",
      "name": "Wikidata",
      "id": "Q131781",
      "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131781"
    }
  ],
  "other_names": {
    "species": [
      "Montanoceratops cerorhynchus"
    ],
    "synonyms": []
  },
  "original_description": {
    "citation": "C. M. Sternberg (1951). Complete skeleton of Leptoceratops gracilis Brown from the Upper Edmonton Member on Red Deer River, Alberta. National Museum of Canada Bulletin 123: 225–255.",
    "authors": "C. M. Sternberg",
    "year": 1951,
    "title": "Complete skeleton of Leptoceratops gracilis Brown from the Upper Edmonton Member on Red Deer River, Alberta",
    "publication": "National Museum of Canada Bulletin",
    "volume": "123",
    "issue": null,
    "pages": "225–255",
    "doi": "10.4095/105059",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.4095/105059",
    "what": "The publication the Paleobiology Database gives as the authority for this genus name, usually the one that first named and described it.",
    "confidence": {
      "level": "medium",
      "reasons": [
        "Only PBDB gives this; its author and year match the naming authority (Sternberg 1951)."
      ]
    },
    "source": "pbdb",
    "source_name": "Paleobiology Database",
    "license_id": "CC-BY-4.0",
    "pbdb_reference_no": "18564"
  },
  "summary": "Omnisaura summary: Montanoceratops, Sternberg 1951\n\n- Named by: Sternberg 1951 (medium confidence: PBDB and Wikidata agree on who named it; Wikidata gives the year as 1950, one year apart, as when a work is dated one year and comes out the next).\n- Family: Leptoceratopsidae (medium confidence: only PBDB gives this; nothing contradicts it).\n- Parent group: Leptoceratopsidae (medium confidence: only PBDB gives this; nothing contradicts it).\n- Age, as published by the Paleobiology Database: Campanian to Maastrichtian, 83.6–66 million years ago (medium confidence: only PBDB gives this; nothing contradicts it).\n- Age, Omnisaura's own calculation (not a published figure): 83.6–66 million years ago (medium confidence: Omnisaura's calculation from 3 confirmed PBDB records).\n- Fossils found in: United States (medium: only PBDB records it (2 records)); Canada (low: only one PBDB record).\n- Rock formations: St. Mary River (medium: only PBDB records it (2 records)); Horseshoe Canyon (low: only one PBDB record).\n- Original description: C. M. Sternberg (1951). Complete skeleton of Leptoceratops gracilis Brown from the Upper Edmonton Member on Red Deer River, Alberta. National Museum of Canada Bulletin 123: 225–255. https://doi.org/10.4095/105059 (medium confidence: only PBDB gives this; its author and year match the naming authority (Sternberg 1951)).\n- Diet, inferred by PBDB for the group: herbivore (medium confidence: only PBDB gives this, and it infers it for the whole of Ceratopsia, the group this genus belongs to, not from this genus's own fossils).\n- Way of life, inferred by PBDB for the group: ground dwelling (low confidence: PBDB infers this way of life for the whole of Ceratopsia; behaviour is rarely known for one genus).\n- Common names: Montanoceratops (\"Montana horned face\") (medium confidence: only Wikidata gives this; nothing contradicts it).\n\nNot known or disputed:\n- Type species: no source Omnisaura uses gives this.\n- Order: no source Omnisaura uses gives this.\n- Named after: no source Omnisaura uses gives this.\n\nNot covered by Omnisaura: size, weight, appearance, or behaviour beyond the way of life PBDB infers for the group. Do not fill these in from general knowledge as if they came from Omnisaura.\n\nCredits (must be shown with any of this): Paleobiology Database (CC-BY-4.0); Wikidata (CC0-1.0)."
}